Ainu Morpheme Explorer

Browse the Ainu morpheme database — composition, valency, and how each morpheme combines.

Morphemes: 3,081
Lexemes: 19,968
Curated: 349
Families: 63

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About & stats

Browse the Ainu morpheme database — composition, valency, and how each morpheme combines.

Morphemes: 3,081
Lexemes: 19,968
Curated: 349
Families: 63

Composition

lemma

input: ke¹ tokens: -ke

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Composition · tokens

input: ke¹

tokens: -ke

computation warnings

-ke-antic: internalize missed target (role=causer)

-ke

suffix · suffix morpheme curated bound Corpus ↗ review slot IV

ANTIC, INTR.SG

反使役、自動詞形成

Valency -1

local rules

internalize → causer · absorbed / demoted
Primary anticausative / intransitivizing -ke: neutralizes the external causer and yields a spontaneous intransitive/change-of-state stem.

Combinatorics

Attaches to: root, intransitive verb, ideophone

Also: relational

Notes

Bugaeva (2025) identifies -ke as the primary anticausative marker in Ainu (glossed intr.sg in her paper), in equipollent opposition with the transitive/direct-causative -V. This entry is separated from -ke-tr so trees can distinguish anticausative/intransitivizing -ke (rew-ke, piras-ke, moy-moy-ke) from transitive -ke (san-ke, sat-ke, ray-ke).

Sources

Lexemes using this morpheme →