Ainu Morpheme Explorer

Browse the Ainu morpheme database — composition, valency, and how each morpheme combines.

Morphemes: 3,081
Lexemes: 19,968
Curated: 349
Families: 63

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Browse the Ainu morpheme database — composition, valency, and how each morpheme combines.

Morphemes: 3,081
Lexemes: 19,968
Curated: 349
Families: 63

Composition

curated

input: uitaknu tokens: u- · itak · nu

prefix

uitak ⟨1⟩

prefix

⇄? きく

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Composition · tokens

input: uitaknu

tokens: u- · itak · nu

computation warnings

u-: internalize missed target (role=patient)

uitaknu

lexeme · intransitive verb word curated free Corpus ↗ review

heed each other; agree

互いに/一方が他方の言うことを聞く､同意する

Word family

itak family →nu family →

Valency +1

Inferred from part of speech — no curated frame yet.

Notes

[[u- RECP + 'words'] + nu 'hear']: u- is the reciprocal possessor of the incorporated noun itak. The construction means 'hear or accept one another's words' and develops the social 'agree; obey'. Mandarin 听话/聽話, Japanese 言うことを聞く, Korean 말을 듣다, Turkish söz dinlemek, Persian حرف‌شنوی, and Biblical Hebrew שמע בקול show the recurrent semantic path HEAR WORDS/VOICE > HEED > OBEY. The comparison carries no claim of borrowing.

Sources

田村1996アイヌ語沙流方言辞典
Bugaeva2016 On the Innovative Nature of Sakhalin Ainu p.103
Alpatov・Bugaeva・Nedjalkov2007 Reciprocals and Sociatives in Ainu p.1773
Bugaeva・Kobayashi2022 Verbal valency §4.2.1
Ainu Corpora

Lexeme details → Lexemes using this morpheme →